Bitsy Wiki

          • Currency
          • Cryptocurrency
          • NFT
          • Nonce
          • Vanity Addresses and Salt Mining
          • Cryptocurrency Gateway
          • Micro-Transactions
          • Interbox
          • Finalized Smart Contract
          • Decentralized Application
          • Decentralized Autonomous Organization (DAO)
          • Web3
          • Trusted Execution Environment
          • Smart Contracts in Real Estate
            • EIP and ERC
            • Blobs
            • ERC-20
            • ERC-8004: Trustless Agents
            • ERC-667
            • ERC-677
            • ERC-721
            • ERC-1155
            • ERC-1363
            • ERC-4626
            • The Object Model
            • Sui Move
            • Programmable Transaction Blocks
            • Consensus
            • Gas & Storage
            • zkLogin
            • Walrus
            • DeFi on Sui
            • The Tangle
            • IOTA Rebased
            • IOTA EVM
          • Sapphire
          • Arweave
          • Filecoin
          • Decentralized Exchange
          • Automated Market Maker
          • Liquidity Pool
          • Constant Product Formula
          • Constant Mean Formula
            • ISwapRouter — Uniswap V3 Swap Guide
            • SwapRouter vs SwapRouter02 vs UniversalRouter
            • Ticks
            • Single-Tick Liquidity
            • Fee Distribution in Concentrated Liquidity
          • Virtual Reserves
          • Impermanent Loss
          • Volatility
          • Maximal Extractable Value (MEV)
          • Staking
          • Yield Farming
          • Transfer on Join/Exit vs. Mint/Burn
          • Prediction Market
          • Prediction Market Event Time
          • Oracle Node
            • Chainlink Automation
            • Chainlink Automation Registration
            • Chainlink Automation Registrar
            • Chainlink Automation Registry
            • Chainlink Automation Forwarder
            • Securing performUpkeep
          • Staked Consensus Oracle
          • Oracle-Free Pricing
          • Decentralized Keeper
          • Option Type
          • Call Option
          • Put Option
          • Strike Price
          • Implied Volatility
          • Option Greeks
          • Option Spread
          • Vertical Spread
          • Perpetual Option
          • Emulating Option Strategies in DeFi
          • Risk-Defined Strategy
          • Bear Bet
          • Bull Bet
          • Bear Call Spread
          • Bear Put Spread
          • Bull Call Spread
          • Bull Put Spread
          • Cash-Backed Synthetic Option
          • Cash-Backed Synthetic Options Design
          • Collateralization Fee
          • Fee Box
          • Innovative Claims of CBSOs
          • Full-Reserve Backing
          • Locked Liquidity
          • Liquidity Floor
          • Permissionless Token Factory
            • Clones with Immutable Args
            • Foundry
            • Foundry Broadcast
            • Building Subgraphs
            • Querying Subgraphs
          • Groth16
          • Making the Icon
          • On-Chain Metadata
          • Token Lists
          • Block Explorers
          • Data Aggregators
          • Wallet Registries
          • Registering on Uniswap
          • Registering on Etherscan
          • Registering on Blockscout
          • Registering on GeckoTerminal
          • Registering on Dexscreener
          • Registering on DEXTools
          • Registering on CoinGecko
          • Registering on CoinMarketCap
          • Registering on DefiLlama
          • Registering on MetaMask
          • Registering on Trust Wallet
          • Registering on ethereum-lists
          • Capability Flags
          • The Blank Field
          • Liquidity and Holders
          • Allowlists
          • How Often This Is Wrong
          • Clearing a Flag
          • Designing and Self-Checking
          • How Zelle Works
          • Zelle Alias
          • Zelle Tag
          • Fraud and Liability
          • Zelle Alternatives
        • Anti-Money Laundering
        • Bank Secrecy Act
        • FinCEN
        • Know Your Customer
        • Money Services Business
        • Travel Rule
        • OFAC Sanctions
        • Regulation E
        • DeFi and US Regulatory Restrictions
        • Anatomy of a Crypto Scam
        • Rug Pull
        • Honeypot Token
        • Hidden Admin Controls
        • Pump and Dump
        • Wash Trading
        • Ponzi Scheme
        • Initial Coin Offering Fraud
        • Exit Scam
        • Exchange Collapse
        • Pig Butchering
        • Giveaway and Impersonation Scams
        • Wallet Drainers
        • Approval Phishing
        • Address Poisoning
        • SIM Swap
        • Fake Job Offers
        • Fake Tokens and Spoofed Contracts
        • Recovery Scams
        • Money Mules
        • Cashing Out
        • Claude Code
      • Prompt Engineering
      • LLM Overused Words
        • Generative Exaggeration
        • What Transfers and What Does Not
        • Reversion to House Style
        • Authorship Survives Imitation
        • Rules Versus Examples
        • Law and Ethics
      • Prompt Caching & Cost
      • Agentic Workflows
      • Agentic Engineering
        • Using a Claude Code Plugin
        • Authoring a Plugin
      • MCP
        • Glossary
        • Multi-Layer Perceptron
        • The Bend
        • GELU and SwiGLU
        • LayerNorm and RMSNorm
        • Skip Connections
        • The Loss Function
        • Backprop Through One Weight
        • Superposition
        • Depth and Width
        • Conventions
        • Glossary
        • GPT-2
        • Running the Checks
        • Tokenization
        • Embeddings
        • The Residual Stream
        • Attention
        • One Attention Head
        • Q/K/V as Three Projections
        • The Causal Mask
        • Multi-Head Attention
        • The MLP in a Block
        • The Unembedding and Logits
        • Softmax and Temperature
        • Sampling Strategies
        • Perplexity
        • Weight Sharing Across Positions
        • The KV Cache
        • Grouped-Query Attention
        • Positional Encoding
        • RoPE
        • Relative Inner-Product Invariance in Rotary Position Embeddings
        • Training vs Inference Parallelism
        • Context Length and the O(n²) Cost
        • Mixture of Experts
        • Fine-Tuning
        • RLHF
        • Speculative Decoding
        • Why Scale Worked
          • GPT-6 Astra
          • gpt-oss
          • Claude Opus 5
          • Gemini 3 Pro
          • Gemma
          • Llama 4
          • Llama 3
          • DeepSeek-V4
          • DeepSeek-R1
          • Qwen3.8
          • Grok 4.6
          • Grok-1
          • Mistral Large 3
          • Mixtral 8x7B
      • Secret Management with pass
      • GPG (GnuPG)
      • YubiKey
        • Creating a Community
        • Height and Depth in a DAG
      • Canonicalization Attack
      • Canonicalization Attacks on Signed XML
      • Homoiconicity
        • Relational vs. Object-Oriented Databases
        • Aggregate Root
        • Actor Model
        • First-Class vs. Second-Class Entities
        • Resource-Oriented vs. RPC
        • Logic of Division
        • Escapes From the Tree
      • Zero-Knowledge Proofs
      • Stylometry
        • Content Identifiers
        • UnixFS and Chunking
        • Content Routing and Bitswap
        • IPNS and DNSLink
        • Gateways
          • Pinning Services
          • The Pinning Service API
            • Pinata
            • Filebase
            • Lighthouse
            • QuickNode
            • 4EVERLAND
            • Crust
            • web3.storage and Storacha
          • IPFS Cluster
      • Squash Merge
      • Submitting a PR to a Third-Party Repo
        • Content Organization
        • Template Lookup
        • Themes and Modules
        • Shortcodes
        • Render Hooks
        • Hugo Pipes
        • Internal Links
        • Building and Deploying
        • The Outlook Mail API
        • Content-Based Auto-Reply
        • Getting a Message's Raw Source

    Nonce

    Nonce

    In blockchain networks like Ethereum, a nonce is a per-account transaction counter that increments with each transaction sent. It serves two purposes: preventing replay attacks (the same signed transaction can’t be submitted twice) and ordering transactions from the same sender.

    • Ethereum.org — Transactions
    • Wikipedia — Cryptographic nonce
    Backward NFT Vanity Addresses and Salt Mining Forward